Executive order waives Graham Act duties, sets monitoring framework

This executive order implements the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026 and describes duty increases the act authorizes. It states that goods from the Russian Federation would face a 500 percent ad valorem duty, and goods from certain other countries could face 100 percent ad valorem duties under conditions set out in the act. In the same order, those duty provisions are waived.

The order says the 100 percent duty could apply to goods from the largest 5 importers of crude oil and natural gas that originated in the Russian Federation if a country knowingly makes new purchases of that Russian-origin crude oil or natural gas on or after October 18, 2026. It also says a 100 percent duty could apply to goods from the top 5 facilitators of Russian oil sanctions evasion. The order does not name those countries, and it assigns the Trade Representative, with other agencies, to monitor and report on those circumstances.

The order states that the duty increases would apply in addition to any other applicable duty, fee, tax, exaction, or charge, including duties under title VII of the Tariff Act of 1930 and under sections 122, 201, and 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 and section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. But section 4 of the order waives the application of the duties provided for in sections 112 and 113 of the Graham Act or this order. Those waivers remain in effect until the President or the Secretary of State, in consultation with other named agencies as appropriate, determine that further action is appropriate.

The order also waives several sanctions and restrictions provisions in the Graham Act and delegates authorities to the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Trade Representative, and the Secretary of Energy. It says existing sanctions or other measures under earlier executive orders addressing harmful foreign activities of the Government of the Russian Federation are not affected.